Subject: How do I dry just the petals of flowers, to use in potpourri?
Question: I have some wonderful poeni roses . they are now being to drop their petals and I would like to dry and use them for potpourri.
Answer: Spread a piece of muslin, or cheesecloth on a rack (like a cake cooler), and scatter petals over. DO NOT put it in the sun, they will all fade to the same wishy washy colour. Dry them inside in an airy place.

Subject: Who did the Romans encounter in the Punic Wars as a result of this growth and how many battles did they fight?
Question: The second period of Rome's history, the Republic, is marked by significant growth. Why are these wars called the Punic Wars? Whom did the Romans encounter in the Punic Wars as a result of this growth and how many battles did they fight?
Answer: The greatest naval power of the Mediterranean in the third century BC was the North African city of Carthage near modern day Tunis. The Carthaginians were orginally Phoenicians and Carthage was a colony founded by the Phoenician capital city of Tyre in the ninth century BC; the word "Carthage" means, in Phoenician, "the New City." The Phoenicians, however, were conquered by the Assyrians in the seventh century BC, and then conquered by the Persians; an independent Phoenician state would never again appear in the Middle East. Carthage, however, remained. Since Phoenicia no longer existed as an independent state, that meant that Carthage was no longer a colony, but a fully functioning independent state. While the Romans were steadily increasing their control over the Italian peninsula, the Carthaginians were extending their empire over most of North Africa. By the time that Rome controlled all of the Italian peninsula, Carthage already controlled the North African coast from western Libya to the Strait of Gibraltar, and ruled over most of southern Spain—and the island of Corsica and Sardinia in Europe as well. Carthage was a formidable power; it controlled almost all the commercial trade in the Mediterranean, had subjected vast numbers of people all whom sent soldiers and supplies, and amassed tremendous wealth from gold and silver mines in Spain. These two mighty empires came into contact in the middle of the third century BC when Rome's power had reached the southern tip of Italy. The two peoples had been in sporadic contact before, but neither side felt threatened by the other. The Romans were perfectly aware of the Carthaginian heritage: they called them by their old name, Phoenicians. In Latin, the word is Poeni, which gives us the name for the wars between the two states, the Punic Wars. These conflicts, so disastrous for Carthage, were inevitable. Between Carthage and Italy lay the huge island of Sicily; Carthage controlled the western half of Sicily, but the southern tip of the Italian peninsula put the Romans within throwing distance of the island. When the Sicilian city of Messana revolted against the Carthaginians, the Romans intervened, and the first Punic War erupted. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The First Punic War: 264-241 BC The First Punic War broke out in 264 BC; it was concentrated entirely on the island of Sicily. Rome beseiged many of the Carthaginian cities on Sicily, and when Carthage attempted to raise the seige with its navy, the Romans utterly destroyed that navy. For the first time since the rise of the Carthaginian empire, they had lost power over the sea-ways. The war ended with no particular side winning over the other. In 241 BC, the Carthaginians and Romans signed a treaty in which Carthage had to give up Sicily, which it didn't miss, and to pay an indemnity to cover Roman costs for the war, which it could well afford. But Carthage soon faced rebellion among its mercenary troops and Rome, in 238 BC, took advantage of the confusion by seizing the island of Corsica. The Romans greatly feared the Carthaginians and wanted build as large a buffer zone as possible between them and the Carthaginians. By gaining Sicily, the Romans had expelled the Carthaginians from their back yard; they now wanted them out of their front yard, that is, the islands of Corsica and Sardinia west of the Italian peninsula. The Carthaginians were furious at this action; even Roman historians believed it was a rash and unethical act. The Carthaginians began to shore up their presence in Europe. They sent first the general Hamilcar and then his son-in-law, Hasdrubal, to Spain to build colonies and an army. Both Hamilcar and Hasdrubal made allies among the native Iberians, and their armies, recruited from Iberians, grew ominous as Carthaginian power and influence crept up the Iberian peninsula. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Second Punic War: 218-202 BC Following its defeat in the First Punic War, Carthage rebuilt its strength by expanding its empire in Spain. Growing increasingly anxious, the Romans had imposed a treaty on Carthage not to expand their empire past the Ebro river in Spain. However, when a small city in Spain, Saguntum, approached Rome asking for Roman friendship and alliance, the Romans couldn't resist having a friendly ally right in the heart of the Carthaginian Iberian empire. A few years later, however, in 221 BC, a young man, only twenty-five years old, assumed command over Carthaginian Spain: Hannibal. At first, Hannibal gave the Saguntines wide berth for he wished to avoid coming into conflict with Rome. But the Saguntines were flush with confidence in their new alliance and began playing politics with other Spanish cities. Hannibal, despite direct threats from Rome, attacked Saguntum and conquered it. The Romans attempted to solve the problem with diplomacy and demand that Carthage dismiss Hannibal and send him to Rome. When Carthage refused, the second Punic War began in 218 BC. Rome, however, was facing a formidable opponent; in the years following the first Punic War, Carthage had created a powerful empire in Spain with a terrifyingly large army. Hannibal marched that terrible army out of Spain and across Europe and, in September of 218, he crossed the Alps with his army and entered Italy on a war of invasion. Although his army was tired from the journey, he literally smashed the Roman armies he encountered in northern Italy. Within two months, he had conquered the whole of northern Italy, with the exception of two cities. These spectacular victories brought a horde of Gauls from the north to help him, fifty thousand or more; his victory over Rome, as he saw it, would be guaranteed if he could convince Roman allies and subject cities to join Carthage. Ancient Greece -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Three Empires The Romans were divided as to whether they could beat Hannibal in open warfare and they knew that he and his army were alone and far from any supplies. Despite Hannibal's certainty that Roman allies would join him, the allies remained faithful to Rome. So on the eve of his invasion of Rome, Hannibal steered south. The Romans, desperate because of their losses, asked Quintus Fabius Maximus to become absolute dictator of Rome. Fabius determined to avoid open warfare at any cost and simply shadowed and harassed the Carthaginian army until they were weak enough to be engaged with openly. His instinct was to wait out Hannibal; he was hated for this policy—the Romans called him "The Delayer" and eventually removed him from power. But when Hannibal marched into Cannae in southern Italy and started decimating the countryside in 216 BC, the two inexperienced consuls which had replaced Fabius as generals of the army sent an army of eighty thousand soldiers against him. This army, vastly outnumbering the Carthaginian army, was completely wiped out by Hannibal' "pincer" strategy: the largest defeat Rome ever suffered. The battle had proven that Fabius was right all along to avoid direct battles, so the Romans went back to his strategy of waiting out Hannibal. Roman allies in the south of Italy literally ran to Hannibal's side; the whole of Sicily allied itself with the Carthaginians. In addition, the king of Macedon, Philip V, who controlled most of the mainland of Greece, allied himself with Hannibal and began his own war against Roman possessions in 215 BC. The situation looked bad for the Romans; however, none of the central Italian allies had gone over to Hannibal's side after Cannae. The Romans had been chastened by their defeat and absolutely refused to go against Hannibal, whose army moved around the Italian countryside absolutely unopposed. Hannibal, however, was weak in numbers and in equipment. He didn't have enough soldiers to lay seige to cities such as Rome, and he didn't have either the men or equipment to storm those cities by force. All he could do was roam the countryside and lay waste to it. In 211, he marched right up the walls of Rome, but he never laid siege to it. So confident were the Romans, that on the day that Hannibal marched around the walls of Rome with his cavalry, the land on which he had camped was sold at an auction in Rome, and it was sold at full price! The Romans, however, very shrewdly decided to fight the war through the back door. They knew that Hannibal was dependent on Spain for future supplies and men, so they appointed a young, strategically brilliant man as proconsul and handed him the imperium over Spain. This move was unconstituional, for this young man had never served as consul. His name: Publius Cornelius Scipio (237-183 BC). Scipio, who would later be called Scipio Africanus for his victory over Carthage (in Africa), by 206 had conquered all of Spain, which was converted into two Roman provinces. Hannibal was now left high and dry in Italy. Scipio then crossed into Africa in 204 BC and took the war to the walls of Carthage itself. This forced the Carthaginians to sue for peace with Rome; part of the treaty demanded that Hannibal leave the Italian peninsula. Hannibal was one of the great strategic generals in history; all during his war with Rome he never once lost a major battle, although he had lost a couple small skirmishes. Now, however, he was forced to retreat

Subject: What nations besides Jews are modern descendants of the Canaanites?
Question: Because yes I agree with archaeology that the Hebrews were likely Canaanites
Answer: you are mistaken the Canaanites were descendants of Canaaan a son of Ham the Hebrews descended from Shem - they are S(h)emites - Semites for short see... Canaanites - the descendants of Canaan, the son of Ham. Migrating from their original home, they seem to have reached the Persian Gulf, and to have there sojourned for some time. They thence "spread to the west, across the mountain chain of Lebanon to the very edge of the Mediterranean Sea, occupying all the land which later became Palestine, also to the north-west as far as the mountain chain of Taurus. This group was very numerous, and broken up into a great many peoples, as we can judge from the list of nations (Gen. 10), the 'sons of Canaan.'" Six different tribes are mentioned in Ex. 3:8, 17; 23:23; 33:2; 34:11. In Ex. 13:5 the "Perizzites" are omitted. The "Girgashites" are mentioned in addition to the foregoing in Deut. 7:1; Josh. 3:10. The "Canaanites," as distinguished from the Amalekites, the Anakim, and the Rephaim, were "dwellers in the lowlands" (Num. 13:29), the great plains and valleys, the richest and most important parts of Palestine. Tyre and Sidon, their famous cities, were the centres of great commercial activity; and hence the name "Canaanite" came to signify a "trader" or "merchant" (Job 41:6; Prov. 31:24, lit. "Canaanites;" comp. Zeph. 1:11; Ezek. 17:4). The name "Canaanite" is also sometimes used to designate the non-Israelite inhabitants of the land in general (Gen. 12:6; Num. 21:3; Judg. 1:10). The Israelites, when they were led to the Promised Land, were commanded utterly to destroy the descendants of Canaan then possessing it (Ex. 23:23; Num. 33:52, 53; Deut. 20:16, 17). This was to be done "by little and little," lest the beasts of the field should increase (Ex. 23:29; Deut. 7:22, 23). The history of these wars of conquest is given in the Book of Joshua. The extermination of these tribes, however, was never fully carried out. Jerusalem was not taken till the time of David (2 Sam. 5:6, 7). In the days of Solomon bond-service was exacted from the fragments of the tribes still remaining in the land (1 Kings 9:20, 21). Even after the return from captivity survivors of five of the Canaanitish tribes were still found in the land. In the Tell-el-Amarna tablets Canaan is found under the forms of Kinakhna and Kinakhkhi. Under the name of Kanana the Canaanites appear on Egyptian monuments, wearing a coat of mail and helmet, and distinguished by the use of spear and javelin and the battle-axe. They were called Phoenicians by the Greeks and Poeni by the Romans. By race the Canaanites were Semitic. They were famous as merchants and seamen, as well as for their artistic skill. The chief object of their worship was the sun-god, who was addressed by the general name of Baal, "lord." Each locality had its special Baal, and the various local Baals were summed up under the name of Baalim, "lords."

Subject: in Virgil's Aeneid, what are the different latin words that he uses for "Trojans"?
Question: in book one and two, what are the different latin words that are used that represent a)the Trojans, b)the Greeks and c)the Carthaginians ...help its for EXAMS!!! thanks!
Answer: Trojan - tromocratae; Greek - gregalis; Carthaginians - poeni God Bless ! +?+

Subject: what does un o'r rhesymau am hynny oedd bod China yn cymryd drosodd yn Hong Kong ac roedd llawer o bobl yn ?
Question: poeni am y dyfodol mean?
Answer: Other than it's some Welsh stuff about China, no idea.

Subject: How did the Punic Wars get the name Punic?
Question:
Answer: The Romans were well aware of the Cartgaginian heritage. They even called them by their old name- Phoenecians. In Latin, the word is Poeni, which gives us the name for the wars between the two states, the Punic Wars.

Subject: LATIN TRANSLATION HELP?
Question: 1. Poeni Romanos vicerunt et Regulum ceperunt. 2. Post paucos annos, Poeni Regulum Romam miserunt. 3. Regulus pacem facere ab Poenis iussus est. 4. Is captivos permutare ab Poenis iussus est. 5. Regulus Poenis dixit: "Aut captivi remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." 6. Ubi Romam venit, id quod dixerat non fecit.
Answer: 1. Poeni Romanos vicerunt et Regulum ceperunt. The Phoenicians conquered ther Romans and captured Regulus. 2. Post paucos annos, Poeni Regulum Romam miserunt. After a few years the Phoenicins sent Regulus to Rome. 3. Regulus pacem facere ab Poenis iussus est. Regulus was ordered tom make peace by the Phoenicians. 4. Is captivos permutare ab Poenis iussus est. He was ordered to exchange captive by the Phoenicians. 5. Regulus Poenis dixit: "Aut captivi remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Regulus said to the Phoenicians "Either the captives will be returned or I myself will come back." 6. Ubi Romam venit, id quod dixerat non fecit. When he went to Rome he did not do what he said.

Subject: what are english translations of these latin sentences?
Question: Regulus pacem facere ab Poenis iussus est Is captivos permutare ab Poenis iussus est. and can someone check these that i have already translated? Poeni Romanos vicerunt et Regulum ceperunt. Phoenicians conquered the Romans and captured Regulus. Post paucos annos, Poeni Regulum Romam miserunt. After a few years, they sent Regulus Carthaginians to Rome Regulus Poenis dixit: "Aut captivi remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Regulus vowed to the Phoenicians “The captured will have either been sent back to, or I myself will return.” Ubi Romam venit, id quod dixerat non fecit. When he arrived at Rome, he did not do what he had said.
Answer: Regulus was ordered by the Carthaginians to make peace. He was ordered by the Carthaginians to free the captives. Poeni Romanos vicerunt et Regulum ceperunt. Phoenicians conquered the Romans and captured Regulus. Post paucos annos, Poeni Regulum Romam miserunt. After a few years, the Carthaginians sent sent Regulus to Rome Regulus Poenis dixit: "Aut captivi remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Regulus said to the Phoenicians “Either the captives will be sent back , or I myself will return.” Ubi Romam venit, id quod dixerat non fecit. When he came to Rome, he did not do what he had said. It is worrying that you have got so far without understanding how vital it is to study noun and verb endings. Get to grips with that, before it is too late.

Subject: Translate this(it`s in Maceonian)?
Question: Kako mozam da dobijam 10 poeni? you were so close the correct answer is : How can I get 10 points
Answer: Klikni na plavoto dugme "Choose as Best Answer" =D

Subject: Can some one please help translate this from English to latin?
Question: Hannibal, Poenus clarus, bellum gerere in Romanos properavit. Poeni, inimici Romanis, cupiverunt Roman in provinciam redigere. In Hispania Hannibal proelium non dubitavit. Docuit Poenos elephantis pugnare. Tum Hannibal Poenos cum elephantis in Italiam procedere iussit. Poeni valere videbantur. Q. Fabius Maximus, Romanus clarus, populum defendere patriam defendere patriam incitavit. Populus arma parare et hannibal balem e terminis agere maturavit.
Answer: latin isnt a language? when did that happen?

Subject: Do you believe these historical facts? If not discuss...?
Question: Here is what I know. Eurocentrists: Sumerians, Egyptians, Assyrians, and Babylonians weren't white. Civilization didn't spring out of Europe, without Poeni influence.Also there were Black Pharaohs (But not all.) There were Sub-Saharan African Civilizations, Afrocentrists: Egypt was a melting pot in the ancient world, Cleopatra wasn't Black she was a Macedonian Greek, The Ancient Hebrews were not black they were a olive Semitic people.The Persians were a Indo-European People, The Minoans, and Mycenaean were a European people. The Olmecs are an american Indian people. The Xia Dynasty was founded by eastern Asian people, Julius Caesar was not black. Asian Centrists: The Katana is not the best sword (there is no best sword) All Martial Arts do not descend from Asia. China is not the oldest continuous civilization. (I'm looking for the best debatable answers)
Answer: "Sumerians, Egyptians, Assyrians, and Babylonians weren't white" Well, they weren't black either -- Ancient Egyptians look very much today as they did thousands of years ago. That is quite obvious if you have ever seen a real Egyptian museum exhibition - it's uncanny, they haven;t changed. "There were Sub-Saharan African Civilizations" It's kind of general knowledge that the Sahara was once a vast green grassland area with water and trees. There are many pictographs found throughout the desert region featuring bodies of water and various animals of the savanna, not the desert. We also know of its size due to the growth of the desert in recorded history. "Egypt was a melting pot in the ancient world" Not really -- it was a "pot" for sure, the New York City of its time, all kinds of people from everywhere came to Egypt. But inter-marriage was alot more rare than you think. A person without their own people --- was a slave. Your people was everything, your tribe, your place in the world, your heritage -- it had nothing to do with skin color, it was all about family. "Cleopatra wasn't Black she was a Macedonian Greek" Why in the hell would Cleopatra VII Philopator be black??? The Ptolemaic dynasty lasted for only 275 years, from 305 BC to 30 BC. Ptolemy, General of Alexander the Great, and quite possibly the half brother of Alexander, had 4 wives, all Macedonian Greek women, through them he had 12 children, when he died his son took the throne and married every single. His son had 2 wives, another Macedonian Greek woman and his sister. Oh, they did get funky with the locals but these children never, ever sat on the throne ---- only 100% Greek Macedonian children . Cleopatra VII Philopator was as Greek Macedonian as Ptolemy himself -- we know what she looks like.... oh, and she married her father, then her brother. This bust was done during her lifetime and resided in her summer house where she actually lived; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kleopatra-VII.-Altes-Museum-Berlin1.jpg "Also there were Black Pharaohs (But not all.)" The 25th Dynasty of Egypt, known as the Nubian Dynasty or the Kushite Empire, was the last dynasty of the Third Intermediate Period of Ancient Egypt. They reigned in part or all of Ancient Egypt from 760 BC to 656 BC. The Black Pharaohs -- 6 of them -- ruled for 75 years and were the only known "black skinned" rulers of Egypt http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25th_dynasty "The Ancient Hebrews were not black they were a olive Semitic people" Jews and Arabs are both Semitic people and genetically identical --- they only became separated by later religion. Southern Semitics tended to be more tan and Northern Semitics tended to be lighter lite olive toned skin. "The Persians were a Indo-European People" The Persians were NOT a Indo-European People -- it goes like this; Indo-European -- Proto-Indo-European -- Indo-Iranian -- Proto-Indo-Iranian -- Iranian That's a helluva long trip from Indo-European to Iranian. To give you an idea Celtic, Germanic, Hellenic Greek, and Indo-Iranian are in the same age group. "Julius Caesar was not black" He was Italian - why would someone think he was black? Besides we know exactly what he looked like, he was rather fond of his own image and had a million statues of himself made.. "The Olmecs are an american Indian people" As far as we know, the Olmecs were Native North American Pre-Columbian civilization from Southeastern Mexico. "The Katana is not the best sword" The Japanese katana is known as the best MADE sword, world superior in balance, strength, sharpness and cutting ability -- no other sword made has ever been able to compete on all 4 levels of craftsmanship. "The Xia Dynasty was founded by eastern Asian people" There is no evidence of that - it is more likely they came off the Steppes than the original Pre-Indo-European travelers that walked until they hit the East Coast. The people of that area still resemble the people of the Steppes and not like the East Coast at all, that says a lot right there. "All Martial Arts do not descend from Asia." Yes they do - just because white Europeans started calling wrestling and boxing "martial arts" in the 1500s and not Combat Sports or Combat Arts as we do today does not make their definition correct. Think about it - the same idiots called Native Americans Indians -- like they were from India. Others might look similar but real martial arts as a discipline is wholly an Asian invention. In the Ancient World --- keep in mind -- do not get hung up on skin color -- it was totally meaningless back then.

Subject: Lain 2 Help...Please help!?
Question: Primo Punico Bello Regulus, consul Romanus, navali pugna classem Carthaginiensem superavit. Postea, Regulus, pacem facere sperans, Carthaginiensibus condiciones pacis dedit. Condiciones paces fuerunt durae; Poeni pacem facere negaverunt. Xanthippus, Lacedaemonius peritissimus (very skilled) belli, Carthaginem venerat; is dux exercitus factus est. Non solum Poeni Romanos vicerunt sed Regulum ceperunt. Post paucos annos, Regulum Romam miserunt. Is pacem facere et captivos permutare iussus est. Regulus eis vovit: "Aut captivi Poenici Carthaginem remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Ubi Romam venit, id quod Carthaginiensibus dixerat--non fecit. Senatui dixit, “Pacem facere non debetis. Hostis nullam spem victoriae habet. Captivos reddere malum exemplum erit.”Senatus igitur pacem facere recusavit. Regulus, sicut promiserat, Carthaginem rediit. Ibi supplicia crudelissima (very cruel) accepit, ob quae e vita excessit. Sed suum promissum effecerat et officium fecerat.
Answer: In the first Punic war, Regulus, a Roman consul, beat the navy of Carthago in a sea battle. Afterwards Regulus, hoping to make peace, gave the Carthaginians (his) peace conditions. The conditions for peace were hard, (so) the Phoenicians refused to make peace. The Lacedaemonian Xanthippus, (who was) very skilled in war, had come to Carthago, and been made leader of the army. Not only beat the Phoenicicians the Romans, but also took Regulus captive. After a few years thy sent Regulus to Rome. He was ordered to make peace and exchange prisoners. Regulus promised them: "Either the Phoenicians are sent back to Carthsage, or I will return myself." When he came to Rome he did not do what he had said to the Carthaginians. He told the Senate:"You don't have to make peace. The enemy has no hope of victory. To give back the captives will set a bad example (precedent)." Therefore the senate refused to make peace. Regulus, as he had promised, went back to Carthago. There he suffered very cruel punishment, from which he died (lit.: went out of life) But he had kept his promise and done his duty.

Subject: latin translation?
Question: Regulus Primo Punico Bello Regulus, consul Romanus, navali pugna classem Carthaginiensem superavit. Postea, Regulus, pacem facere sperans, Carthaginiensibus condiciones pacis dedit. Condiciones paces fuerunt durae; Poeni pacem facere negaverunt. Xanthippus, Lacedaemonius peritissimus (very skilled) belli, Carthaginem venerat; is dux exercitus factus est. Non solum Poeni Romanos vicerunt sed Regulum ceperunt. Post paucos annos, Regulum Romam miserunt. Is pacem facere et captivos permutare iussus est. Regulus eis vovit: "Aut captivi Poenici Carthaginem remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Ubi Romam venit, id quod Carthaginiensibus dixerat--non fecit. Senatui dixit, “Pacem facere non debetis. Hostis nullam spem victoriae habet. Captivos reddere malum exemplum erit.” Senatus igitur pacem facere recusavit. Regulus, sicut promiserat, Carthaginem rediit. Ibi supplicia crudelissima (very cruel) accepit, ob quae interfectus est. Sed suum promissum effecerat et officium fecerat.
Answer: In the First Punic War, the Roman consul Regulus defeated the Carthaginian fleet in a naval battle. Afterwards, Regulus, hoping for peace, offered the Carthaginians a treaty. But the terms were harsh and the Carthaginians said they would not make peace. When Xanthippus, a very skilled Greek warrior, had arrived at Carthage, he was made leader of the army. Not only did they defeat the Romans but they captured Regulus. After a few years, they sent Regulus to Rome. He was ordered to negotiate peace and exchange captives. Regulus vowed to them: “The captured Carthaginians will have either been sent back to Carthage, or I myself will return.” When he arrived at Rome, he did not do what he had said to the Carthaginians. He said to the Senate, “You should not make peace. The enemy has no hope of victory. It will be a bad example to return the captives.” The Senate accordingly declined to make peace. Just as he promised, Regulus returned to Carthage. There he received the cruellest punishment, by which he was killed. But he had fulfilled his promise and had performed his duty.

Subject: Latin translation???
Question: Regulus Primo Punico Bello Regulus, consul Romanus, navali pugna classem Carthaginiensem superavit. Postea, Regulus, pacem facere sperans, Carthaginiensibus condiciones pacis dedit. Condiciones paces fuerunt durae; Poeni pacem facere negaverunt. Xanthippus, Lacedaemonius peritissimus (very skilled) belli, Carthaginem venerat; is dux exercitus factus est. Non solum Poeni Romanos vicerunt sed Regulum ceperunt. Post paucos annos, Regulum Romam miserunt. Is pacem facere et captivos permutare iussus est. Regulus eis vovit: "Aut captivi Poenici Carthaginem remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Ubi Romam venit, id quod Carthaginiensibus dixerat--non fecit. Senatui dixit, “Pacem facere non debetis. Hostis nullam spem victoriae habet. Captivos reddere malum exemplum erit.” Senatus igitur pacem facere recusavit. Regulus, sicut promiserat, Carthaginem rediit. Ibi supplicia crudelissima (very cruel) accepit, ob quae interfectus est. Sed suum promissum effecerat et officium fecerat.
Answer: I took some liberties with the phrasing, but the tenses are accurate. Email for details. ----- In the First Punic War, the Roman consul Regulus defeated the Carthaginian fleet in a naval battle. Afterwards, Regulus, hoping for peace, offered the Carthaginians a treaty. But the terms were harsh and the Carthaginians said they would not make peace. When Xanthippus, a very skilled Greek warrior, had arrived at Carthage, he was made leader of the army. Not only did they defeat the Romans but they captured Regulus. After a few years, they sent Regulus to Rome. He was ordered to negotiate peace and exchange captives. Regulus vowed to them: “The captured Carthaginians will have either been sent back to Carthage, or I myself will return.” When he arrived at Rome, he did not do what he had said to the Carthaginians. He said to the Senate, “You should not make peace. The enemy has no hope of victory. It will be a bad example to return the captives.” The Senate accordingly declined to make peace. Just as he promised, Regulus returned to Carthage. There he received the cruellest punishment, by which he was killed. But he had fulfilled his promise and had performed his duty.

Subject: latin translation?
Question: Regulus Primo Punico Bello Regulus, consul Romanus, navali pugna classem Carthaginiensem superavit. Postea, Regulus, pacem facere sperans, Carthaginiensibus condiciones pacis dedit. Condiciones paces fuerunt durae; Poeni pacem facere negaverunt. Xanthippus, Lacedaemonius peritissimus (very skilled) belli, Carthaginem venerat; is dux exercitus factus est. Non solum Poeni Romanos vicerunt sed Regulum ceperunt. Post paucos annos, Regulum Romam miserunt. Is pacem facere et captivos permutare iussus est. Regulus eis vovit: "Aut captivi Poenici Carthaginem remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." Ubi Romam venit, id quod Carthaginiensibus dixerat--non fecit. Senatui dixit, “Pacem facere non debetis. Hostis nullam spem victoriae habet. Captivos reddere malum exemplum erit.” Senatus igitur pacem facere recusavit. Regulus, sicut promiserat, Carthaginem rediit. Ibi supplicia crudelissima (very cruel) accepit, ob quae interfectus est. Sed suum promissum effecerat et officium fec
Answer: I had answered this in another question, but I'll repeat it here for you. I took some liberties with the phrasing, but the tenses are accurate. Email for details. ----- In the First Punic War, the Roman consul Regulus defeated the Carthaginian fleet in a naval battle. Afterwards, Regulus, hoping for peace, offered the Carthaginians a treaty. But the terms were harsh and the Carthaginians said they would not make peace. When Xanthippus, a very skilled Greek warrior, had arrived at Carthage, he was made leader of the army. Not only did they defeat the Romans but they captured Regulus. After a few years, they sent Regulus to Rome. He was ordered to negotiate peace and exchange captives. Regulus vowed to them: “The captured Carthaginians will have either been sent back to Carthage, or I myself will return.” When he arrived at Rome, he did not do what he had said to the Carthaginians. He said to the Senate, “You should not make peace. The enemy has no hope of victory. It will be a bad example to return the captives.” The Senate accordingly declined to make peace. Just as he promised, Regulus returned to Carthage. There he received the cruellest punishment, by which he was killed. But he had fulfilled his promise and had performed his duty.

Subject: Latin Translation?
Question: Primo Punico Bello Regulus, consul Romanus, navali pugna classem Carthaginiensem superavit. (navali modifies pugna) Postea, Regulus, pacem facere sperans, Carthaginiensibus condiciones pacis dedit. (watch the tense of sperans) Condiciones pacis fuerunt durae; Poeni pacem facere negaverunt. (what does dura modify?) Xanthippus, Lacedaemonius peritissimus (very skilled) belli, Carthaginem (to) venerat; is dux exercitus factus est. Non solum Poeni Romanos vicerunt sed etiam Regulum ceperunt. (non solum…sed etiam) Post paucos annos, Regulum Romam miserunt. (watch the case of Regulum) Is pacem facere et captivos permutare iussus est. Regulus eis vovit: "Aut captivi Poenici Carthaginem remittentur, aut ego ipse reveniam." (aut…aut) Ubi Romam venit, id quod Carthaginiensibus dixerat--non fecit. (remember, id is neuter) Senatui dixit, “Pacem facere non debetis. (watch the case of senatui) Hostis nullam spem victoriae habet. Captivos reddere malum exemplum erit.” Senatus igitur pacem facere recusavit. Regulus, sicut promiserat, Carthaginem rediit. Ibi supplicia crudelissima (very cruel) accepit, ob quae e vita excessit. Sed suum promissum effecerat et officium fecerat.
Answer: In the First Punic War, the Roman consul Regulus defeated the Carthaginian fleet in a naval battle. Afterwards, Regulus, hoping for peace, offered the Carthaginians a treaty. But the terms were harsh and the Carthaginians said they would not make peace. When Xanthippus, a very skilled Greek warrior, had arrived at Carthage, he was made leader of the army. Not only did they defeat the Romans but they captured Regulus. After a few years, they sent Regulus to Rome. He was ordered to negotiate peace and exchange captives. Regulus vowed to them: “The captured Carthaginians will have either been sent back to Carthage, or I myself will return.” When he arrived at Rome, he did not do what he had said to the Carthaginians. He said to the Senate, “You should not make peace. The enemy has no hope of victory. It will be a bad example to return the captives.” The Senate accordingly declined to make peace. Just as he promised, Regulus returned to Carthage. There he received the cruellest punishment, by which he was killed. But he had fulfilled his promise and had performed his duty.

Subject: Latin 2 HELP! Could someone translate this passage! Please!!!?
Question: Can someone translate this!? It needs to be in english. Also If you know of a good online latin translator that would be awesome! Thnak you soo much! Primo Punico Bello Regulus, consul Romanus, navali pugna classem Carthaginiensem superavit. Postea, Regulus, pacem facere sperans, Carthaginiensibus condiciones pacis dedit. Condiciones paces fuerunt durae; Poeni pacem facere negaverunt. Xanthippus, Lacedaemonius peritissimus (very skilled) belli, Carthaginem venerat; is dux exercitus factus est. Non solum Poeni Romanos vicerunt sed Regulum ceperunt. Post paucos annos, Regulum Romam miserunt. Is pacem facere et captivos permutare iussus est. Cum Romam venerit, id quod Carthaginiensibus dixerat--non fecerit. Senatui dixit, “Pacem non faciamus . Hostis nullam spem victoriae habet. Captivos reddere malum exemplum erit.” Senatus igitur pacem facere recusavit. Regulus, sicut promiserat, Carthaginem rediit. Ibi supplicia crudelissima (very cruel) accepit, ob quae interfectus est. Sed suum promissum effecerat et officium fecerat.
Answer: In the First Punic War, Regulus, a Roman consul, overcame the Carthaginian fleet in a naval battle (fight). Afterward, Regulus, hoping to make peace, Gave the conditions of peace to the Carthaginians. The conditions of peace ("pacis" ... not "paces") were harsh (hard); the Phoenicians refused to make peace. Xanthippus, a Laecedaemian, (who was) very skilled in warfare (of war), reveres Carthage; he became leader of the army. Not only did the Phoenicians conquer the Romans they also captured Regulus. After a few years, they sent Regulus to Rome. He made peace and was ordered to exchange captives. When he arrived in (came to) Rome, that which (what) he had told to the Carthaginians - was not done. He said to the senate, "Let us not make peace. The enemy has no hope of victory. It will be a bad example to return the captives." The senate, therefore, refused to make peace. Regulus, just as he had promised, returns to Carthage. There he received the cruelest punishments (tortured most cruelly), then he was killed. But he had kept and had done his duty.

Subject: What were the causes of the roman punic wars???
Question:
Answer: The name of those wars came of the Carthaginian heritage identity that Romans used to call them, since Carthagians were originally Phoenicians, Carthage was a main city of them, mean "new city" in Phoenician language. Roman called them "POENI" in their language Latin, "FENICIOS" in Spanish. Carthage remained as a Independent state after Phoenicians Empire was first conquered by the Assyrians in the seventh century BC, and then conquered by the Persians; an independent Phoenician state would never again appear in the Middle East. By the middle of 3rd century B.C. Carthage was the biggest Naval Power of the Mediterranean. Roman empire has already been controlled all over the Italy peninsula. Carthage empire had already controlled the western half of Sicily. It is in this time at the middle of this 3rd century B.C. when both empires came on contact, when Rome had reached the southern area of Italian peninsula. The Sicilian city of Messa had a rebellion against Carthage, then the fist PUNIC WAR happens once Rome made intervention. this war had place in Sicily land around 264-241 B.C. Rome took control over the most of the Carthagian cities and for first time their Naval Power was defeated. as result they lost power over sea control. After both parts signed a treaty, Sicily was given up by Carthage, plus a indemnity that was paid to Rome to cover the expenses of the war. Carthage then started to expand up to Spain land by building colonies and an Army, making allies with Iberians and reinforcing their Empire in this way. Rome really feared them, then made a treaty of imposing them not to expand their empire far past the Ebro river. A Spain city, Saguntum approached Rome asking for Roman friendship and alliance, Rome accepted. In 221 B.C. Hannibal assume the command of Carthaginian Spain. At the begin, he was trying to have good relations with Saguntines giving them wide berth for he wished to avoid coming into conflict with Rome, but those felling wide backed up by Rome began playing politics with other Spanish cities Hannibal, despite direct threats from Rome, attacked Saguntum and conquered it. Romans asked the Head of Hannibal to be sent to Rome for punishment in order to avoid another conflict, Carthage refused; then in 218 B.C. the second Punic war began. Hannibal marched over Italy with a Huge Army, and practically smashed every Rome's army those he found thru his march in a war of invasion. with in 2 months Historians says he got control over the northern side of Italy, then Gauls ords allied with him with over 50000 o more soldiers. By 216 B.C. Hannibal had already reached most of the southern Italy, but when Hannibal marched into Cannae in southern Italy and started decimating the countryside( in 216 BC) the two inexperienced consuls which had replaced Fabius as generals of the army sent an army of eighty thousand soldiers against him. This army, vastly outnumbering the Carthaginian army, was completely wiped out by Hannibal' "pincer" strategy. Roman allies in the south of Italy literally ran to Hannibal's side; the whole of Sicily allied itself with the Carthaginians. In addition, the king of Macedon, Philip V, who controlled most of the mainland of Greece, allied himself with Hannibal and began his own war against Roman possessions in 215 BC. In 211, Hannibal marched right up the walls of Rome, but he never laid siege to it. Publius Cornelius Scipio (237-183 BC). Scipio, who would later be called Scipio Africanus for his victory over Carthage (in Africa), by 206 had conquered all of Spain, which was converted into two Roman provinces. Hannibal was now left high and dry in Italy. Scipio then crossed into Africa in 204 BC and took the war to the walls of Carthage itself. This forced the Carthaginians to sue for peace with Rome; part of the treaty demanded that Hannibal leave the Italian peninsula. Hannibal was one of the great strategic generals in history; all during his war with Rome he never once lost a major battle, although he had lost a couple small skirmishes. Now, however, he was forced to retreat; he had, despite winning every battle, lost the war. When he returned to Carthage, the Carthaginians took heart and rose up against Rome in one last gambit in 202 BC. At Zama in northern Africa, Hannibal, fighting against Scipio and his army, met his first defeat. Rome reduced Carthage to a dependent state; Rome now controlled the whole of the western Mediterranean including northern Africa. This was the defining historical experience of the Romans. They had faced certain defeat with toughness and determination and had won against overwhelming odds. Their system of alliances had held firm; while Hannibal had depended on the allies running to his side, only the most remote Roman allies, those in the south and Sicily, left the Roman alliance. For the rest of Roman history, the character of being Roman would be distilled in the histories of this seemingly desperate war against Carthage. The Second Punic War turned Rome from a regional power into an international empire: it had gained much of northern Africa, Spain, and the major islands in the western Mediterranean. Because Philip V of Macedon had allied himself with Hannibal and started his own war of conquest, the second Punic War forced Rome to turn east in wars of conquest against first Philip and then other Hellenistic kingdoms. The end result of the second Punic War, in the end, was the domination of the known world by Rome. The 3rd Punic war had place on 149-146 B.C. In the years intervening, Rome undertook the conquest of the Hellenistic empires to the east. In the west, Rome brutally subjugated the Iberian people who had been so vital to Roman success in the second Punic War. However, they were especially angry at the Carthaginians who had almost destroyed them. The great statesman of Rome, Cato, is reported by the historians as ending all his speeches, no matter what their subject, with the statement, "I also think that Carthage should be destroyed." Carthage had, through the first half of the second century BC, recovered much of its prosperity through its commercial activities, although it had not gained back much power. The Romans, deeply suspicious of a reviving Carthage, demanded that the Carthaginians abandon their city and move inland into North Africa. The Carthaginians, who were a commercial people that depended on sea trade, refused. The Roman Senate declared war, and Rome attacked the city itself. After a siege, the Romans stormed the town and the army went from house to house slaughtering the inhabitants in what is perhaps the greatest systematic execution of non-combatants before World War II. Carthaginians who weren't killed were sold into slavery. The harbor and the city was demolished, and all the surrounding countryside was sown with salt in order to render it uninhabitable This a brief resume of what I remember of the causes and consequences of Punic Wars.I hope this be helpful to you..

Subject: ok i need some help translating this story for my latin 3 class i would appreciate any help thanks!?
Question: ya ok i know it may seem like a lot to ask of people for help on two translations in one day but i am kind of hanging on by nothing in this class and so i will take any help i can get....(omg i sound desperate lol) ight here is the next translation for the other here is the link incase you want to look at it: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100525142343AAkHe2y here is the text: Regulus consul, hostis durus et dux durus, Brundisium vicit. Secundo consulatu in poenos mari et in Africa impetus fecti. Poenis victis, durissimas condiciones pacis obtulit; itaque Poeni, Xantippo Spartano duce, proelium novum commiserunt. Regulus victus et captus est. Cum quinque annos Regulus capticus fuisset, Poeni, bello fessi, legationem de pace Romaam miserunt. Coegerunt regulum iurare se ad eos rediturum esse si pax non liberi essent. Cum senatores adhuc dubitarent, Regulus ex Curia discessit ut ad Poenos rediret. Uxor et liberi Reguli eum oraverunt ut Romae maneret et ius iurandum neglegeret, sed in se sicut in alios severitatem maximam monstravit. In Africam rediit; Poeni irati eum torserunt et necaverunt. not as long as the other but if you can please try to translate it instead of a link becuase more than likely i will be looking at this via my phone and not a computer and my phone does not handle links all that well... Thanks agian and thank you for (whoever helps) all your help
Answer: Rule magistrate , an enemy of the state hard and duke hard Brundisium conquer. Accordingly deliberation upon pain husband and upon Africa vehemence fecti. Pain victor durissimas condiciones peace gaze ; and Pain Xantippo Spartano duce , battle novel commiserunt. Rule victuals and he was taken. *** five yearly produce Rule capticus to have been , Pain , to wage war wearied , office of legate about pace From Rome wretched. Coegerunt rule oath himself to these return to be if you wish peace not children to be. *** of senatorial till then dubitarent , Rule out of Court management when to Pain to bring back. Wife and children Rule he oraverunt when In Rome morning and oath oath neglegeret , but upon himself as upon to another place severity maximam monstravit. Upon Africam to bring back ; Pain angry he torserunt and necaverunt. I hope i helped you (=

Subject: Help me translate this Latin to English..PLEASE!!?
Question: Ubi Graeci et Troiani in Bello Troiano pugnant, Elissa, Poenorum Regina, in magno oppido in Phoenica habitat. Elissae virum Sychaeum vocamus. Elissa Sychaeum amat; sed reginae germanus, vir malus, cum Elissae inimicis Sychaeum obtruncat. Itaque regina fugam parat et cum Anna germana et multis amicis a Phoenica ad Africam navigat, ubi magnum oppidum aedificat. Poeni oppidum vocant Oppidum Novum. Oppidum Novum magnum et pulchrum est. Sed in Africa est magnum periculum: feri Africani spectant Oppidum Novum in agro African; advenas Poenos non amant. Itaque bellum parant contra Elissam et amicos. Africani multi, Poeni pauci sunt; miserae reginae periculum est magnum. the *** = com (replace "o" with "u")
Answer: As soon as the Greeks and Tojans fought against each other in the Trojan War, Elissa, the queen of the Carthagenians, lived in a great city in Phoenicia. We call Elissa's husband Sychaeus. Elissa loved Sychaeus; but the queen's real brother, a bad man, killed *** Synaechus (...the rest of the sentence is uninterpretable to me). So the queen prepared for her flight and *** sailed from Phoenicia to Africa (I conjecture: "with her real sister Anna and many friends) where she built a great town. The new town was great and beautiful. But in Africa there was a great danger: wild (savage) Africans looked covetously at the new town in the land of Africa (here I conjecture: "in agro Africano"); they didn't like the Phoenician fugitives. So they prepared for war on Elissa and her friends. The amount of Africans was huge, that of the Phoenicians low; it was a great danger for the miserable queen *** (and the rest I don't understand).